Lithium-ion batteries have become commonplace in modern technology, but they may not always be the best solution. TU Wien has developed an oxygen-ion battery that has some significant advantages. While it may not have the same energy density as a lithium-ion battery, its storage capacity does not degrade over time. It can be regenerated, potentially allowing for long service life. Furthermore, oxygen-ion batteries can be produced without rare elements and are made of incombustible materials, making them a safer option for large energy storage systems, such as those used for renewable energy.
The TU Wien team discovered that ceramic materials used in fuel cells can absorb and release doubly negatively charged oxygen ions, making them a potential candidate for battery development. The oxygen ions migrate between the ceramic materials to generate electric current, similar to the principle of lithium-ion batteries. However, ceramic materials have important advantages, such as being non-flammable, adaptable, and not requiring rare elements. Furthermore, the oxygen-ion battery can be regenerated if oxygen is lost, unlike many other batteries that suffer from decreased capacity over time.
Due to its lower energy density and higher operating temperature, the oxygen-ion battery is not designed for use in devices like smartphones or electric cars. However, it is ideal for storing energy. The long service life, ability to produce large quantities without rare elements, and incombustible materials make the oxygen-ion battery an excellent solution for large energy storage systems.
Source: VIENNA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY